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2.
Revagog ; 3(3): 104-110, Jul-Sept. 2021.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIGCSA | ID: biblio-1344331

ABSTRACT

El climaterio es una etapa fisiológica que permite al médico reconocer tempranamente los riesgos de patologías y la gran oportunidad de revertirlas. Este trabajo examinará la evidencia actual de la terapia hormonal en la prevención primaria de la enfermedad cardiovascular en mujeres, así como la importancia que igualmente tienen la indemnidad de los ovarios, el peso normal, el uso correcto de antibióticos, la preservación de la microbiota intestinal, las dietas antioxidantes, los estilos de vida saludables y el obligatorio abandono del hábito de fumar.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Climacteric/physiology , Menopause/physiology , Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Heart Disease Risk Factors , Smoking/adverse effects , Andropause/physiology , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Atherosclerosis/prevention & control , Gastrointestinal Microbiome/drug effects , Healthy Lifestyle
3.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(1): 41-48, Jan.-Feb. 2021. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1153041

ABSTRACT

This study aimed to determine the efficiency of estradiol cypionate (EC) as an ovulation inducer in a Timed Artificial Insemination protocol. 69 buffalo cows received an intravaginal progesterone device and 2mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) at D0. On D9, the intravaginal device was removed and 0.53mg of prostaglandin (PGF2α) and 400UI of equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) were applied. The cows were distributed into two groups: the first group received 1mg of EC (ECG) in D9, and the second group received 1mg of EB (EBG) in D10. Inseminations occurred on D11. Ovarian activity and pregnancy diagnosis were analyzed by ultrasonography. There was no difference (P>0.05) in follicular diameter (9.6 ± 0.89mm vs. 10.7 ± 1.12mm; P=0.06), in ovulation rate (90.9% vs. 90.9%; P=1) and pregnancy rate (58.8% vs. 62.9%; P=0.79), however, buffalo cows from the ECG treatment have less time between P4 removal and ovulation when compared to EBG buffalos (37.4h vs. 52.8h; P=0.001), respectively. Thus, it was concluded that the implantation of TAI in the floodplain of Amazonas is feasible and the use of EC results in successful rates, similar to EB.(AU)


O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a eficiência do cipionato de estradiol (CE) como indutor de ovulação em um protocolo de inseminação artificial de tempo fixo. Para isso, 69 búfalas receberam no D0 um dispositivo intravaginal de progesterona e 2mg de benzoato de estradiol (BE). No D9, o dispositivo intravaginal foi removido e foram aplicados 0,53mg de prostaglandina (PGF2α) e 400UI de gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG), para, então, os animais serem divididos em dois grupos: um deles (GCE) recebeu 1mg de CE no D9, e o outro (GBE) recebeu 1mg de BE 24h após. As inseminações ocorreram no D11. A atividade ovariana e o diagnóstico de prenhez foram avaliados por ultrassonografia. Não houve diferença (P>0,05) no diâmetro folicular (9,6 ± 0,89mm vs. 10,7 ± 1,12mm; P=0,06), na taxa de ovulação (90,9% vs. 90,9%; P=1) e na taxa de prenhez (58,8% vs. 62,9%; P=0,79), no entanto búfalas do tratamento GCE apresentaram menor tempo entre a remoção da P4 e a ovulação, quando comparadas com as búfalas do GBE (37,4h vs. 52,8h; P=0,001), respectivamente. A implantação da IATF nas várzeas do Amazonas é viável e a utilização do CE resulta em taxas de sucesso similares ao BE.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Ovulation Induction/methods , Ovulation Induction/veterinary , Buffaloes/physiology , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Insemination, Artificial/methods , Amazonian Ecosystem
5.
Revista Digital de Postgrado ; 9(2): 227, ago. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, LIVECS | ID: biblio-1103383

ABSTRACT

Evaluar los efectos de la terapia hormonal (TH) con Drospírenona (DRSP)/17 ß -estradiol (E2), sobre los parámetros del Síndrome Metabólico (SM) en pacientes postmenopáusicas. Métodos: Investigación comparativa y aplicada, con diseño cuasi experimental, de casos y controles a simple ciego, prospectivo y de campo; realizada en la Consulta de Ginecología. Hospital "Dr. Manuel Noriega Trigo". San Francisco, Estado Zulia. Venezuela. Participaron 120 mujeres separadas al azar para recibir la combinación DRSP/E2 (Grupo A) o un placebo (Grupo B). Se evaluaron los componentes del SM antes y posterior a 6 meses de haber recibido la TH. Resultados: Se encontró una alta prevalencia de SM en ambos grupos antes de recibir el tratamiento (53,3% y 48%; grupo A y B respectivamente). Posterior al tratamiento, DRSP/E2 al compararse con un placebo, redujo significativamente tanto la prevalencia del SM como el riesgo de padecerlo (21,7% versus 48,3%, OR [IC95%]= 0,29 [0,13-0,65]; p < 0.001), con reducción significativa (p< 0.001) de la hipertensión arterial, glicemia basal alterada, hipertrigliceridemia y obesidad central; además de una reducción significativa de los síntomas vasomotores, síntomas psicológicos e incontinencia urinaria (p< 0.001). En el grupo B la prevalencia del SM se mantuvo sin cambios, salvo para la glicemia basal alterada y los síntomas vasomotores y psicológicos que mostraron una reducción significativa (p< 0.001). Conclusión: DRSP/E2 (2mg/1 mg) demostró ser eficaz luego de 6 meses de tratamiento tanto para el control de los parámetros que definen al SM; con pocos y leves efectos indeseados(AU)


To assess the effects of hormone therapy (HT) with drospirenone (DRSP)/17 ß -estradiol (E2) on the parameters of the metabolic syndrome (MS) in postmenopausal patients. Methods: We performed a comparative and applied research, with quasiexperimental, case-control, single-blind, prospective and field design. The study was realized in the Gynecology consultation. Hospital "Dr. Manuel Noriega Trigo". San Francisco, Estado Zulia. Venezuela. 120 women were included, they were separated to receive either the combination DRSP/E2 (Group A) or placebo (Group B). We assess MS components before and ather 6 months of receiving HT. Results: We found a high prevalence in both groups before receiving treatment (53.3% and 48%, group A and B respectively). A ther treatment, DRSP/E2 when compared to placebo, significantly reduced both the prevalence of MS as the risk of setting it (21.7% versus 48.3%, OR [95%] = 0.29 [0.13-0.65] p <0.001), with a significant reduction (p <0.001) of hypertension, impaired fasting glucose, hypertriglyceridemia, central obesity; and a significant reduction in vasomotor symptoms, psychological symptoms and urinary incontinence (p <0.001). In group B the prevalence of MS was unchanged, except for impaired fasting glycemia and vasomotor and psychological symptoms showed a significant reduction (p <0.001). Conclusion: DRSP/E2 (2mg /1mg), proved to be effective a ther 6 months of treatment both for the control of the parameters that define the SM, with few and mild side effects(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Progestins/therapeutic use , Hormone Replacement Therapy , Metabolic Syndrome/physiopathology , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Postmenopause , Endocrinology , Gynecology
6.
Actual. osteol ; 16(2): [132]-[140], mayo.-ago. 2020. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1129806

ABSTRACT

La oxitocina (OXT) como la arginina-vasopresina (AVP) son dos hormonas primitivas secretadas por la hipófisis posterior. Sus receptores están mucho más ampliamente distribuidos en el organismo de lo que se pensaba originalmente, incluido el hueso. En los estudios preclínicos, la OXT ha mostrado ser anabólica para el hueso, promoviendo la osteogénesis sobre la adipogénesis y favoreciendo la actividad osteoblástica sobre la osteoclástica. Tanto los osteoblastos como los osteoclastos tienen receptores para la OXT, y los efectos de los estrógenos sobre la masa ósea en ratones está mediada por lo menos en parte por la OXT. El mecanismo preciso por el cual la activación de los receptores de oxitocina (OXTR) se traduce en un incremento de la formación ósea permanece poco claro. La AVP también podría afectar el esqueleto en forma directa. Dos de los receptores de la AVP, V1a y V2 están expresados en osteoblastos y osteoclastos. La inyección de AVP en ratones de tipo salvaje aumenta la formación osteoclastos que producen resorción y reduce los osteoblastos formadores de hueso. En forma opuesta, la exposición de precursores osteoblásticos a antagonistas de los receptores V1a o V2, incrementan la osteoblastogénesis, como también lo hace la deleción genética del receptor V1a. (AU)


Both oxytocin (OXT) and argininevasopressin (AVP) are primitive hormones secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. OXT receptors are much more widely distributed in the body than originally thought, including in bone. In preclinical studies, OXT has been shown to be anabolic for bone, promoting osteogenesis over adipogenesis and favoring osteoblastic over osteoclastic activity. Both osteoblasts and osteoclasts have receptors for OXT, and the effects of estrogen on bone mass in mice is mediated at least in part by OXT. The precise mechanism by which the activation of oxytocin receptors (OXTRs) results in an increase in bone formation remains unclear. AVP could also have direct actions on the skeleton. The two AVP receptors, V1a and V2, are expressed in osteoblasts and osteoclasts. Injection of AVP in wild-type mice increases the formation of osteoclasts increasing bone resorption, and reduces bone-forming osteoblasts. On the contrary, the exposure of osteoblastic precursors to V1a and V2 antagonists increase osteoblastogenesis, the same as the genetic deletion of the V1a receptor. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Mice , Pituitary Hormones, Posterior/biosynthesis , Arginine Vasopressin/adverse effects , Oxytocin/therapeutic use , Osteoblasts/physiology , Osteoclasts/physiology , Osteogenesis , Osteoporosis/therapy , Pituitary Hormones, Posterior/physiology , Arginine Vasopressin/antagonists & inhibitors , Arginine Vasopressin/biosynthesis , Arginine Vasopressin/physiology , Arginine Vasopressin/therapeutic use , Oxytocin/biosynthesis , Oxytocin/adverse effects , Oxytocin/physiology , Signal Transduction , Bone Density , Bone Density/drug effects , Receptors, Oxytocin/biosynthesis , Receptors, Oxytocin/physiology , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Estrogens/physiology
7.
Clinics ; 75: e1980, 2020. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1133360

ABSTRACT

Considering that female sexual hormones may modulate the inflammatory response and also exhibit direct effects on the cells of the immune system, herein, we intend to discuss the sex differences and the role of estradiol in modulating the lung and systemic inflammatory response, focusing on its possible application as a treatment modality for SARS-CoV-2 patients. COVID-19 patients develop severe hypoxemia early in the course of the disease, which is silent most of the time. Small fibrinous thrombi in pulmonary arterioles and a tumefaction of endothelial were observed in the autopsies of fatal COVID-19 cases. Studies showed that the viral infection induces a vascular process in the lung, which included vasodilation and endothelial dysfunction. Further, the proportions of CD4+ T and CD8+ T lymphocytes were strongly reduced in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Estradiol is connected with CD4+ T cell numbers and increases T-reg cell populations, affecting immune responses to infection. It is known that estradiol exerts a protective effect on endothelial function, activating the generation of nitric oxide (NO) via endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Estrogen attenuates the vasoconstrictor response to various stimuli and induces vasodilation in the pulmonary vasculature during stress situations like hypoxia. It exerts a variety of rapid actions, which are initiated after its coupling with membrane receptors, which in turn, may positively modulate vascular responses in pulmonary disease and help to maintain microvascular flow. Direct and indirect mechanisms underlying the effects of estradiol were investigated, and the results point to a possible protective effect of estradiol against COVID-19, indicating that it may be considered as an adjuvant therapeutic element for the treatment of patients affected by the novel coronavirus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Male , Female , Rats , Pneumonia, Viral/therapy , Coronavirus Infections/therapy , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Betacoronavirus , Immunity, Innate , Inflammation/virology , Sex Factors , Pandemics , SARS-CoV-2 , COVID-19 , Inflammation/drug therapy
8.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol. (En línea) ; 83(3): 318-328, jun. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-959521

ABSTRACT

RESUMEN La transexualidad, o el ser transgénero según la nomenclatura actual, describe a personas que persistentemente buscan ser aceptados como miembros del sexo opuesto, desean cambiar sus caracteres sexuales primarios y/o secundarios a través de intervenciones médicas tanto hormonales como quirúrgicas para feminizarse o masculinizarse. (Tabla 1) Esta discordancia entre su "sexo biológico" y "psicológico" genera estrés clínicamente significativo con rechazo profundo al cuerpo del sexo anatómico, al género asignado al nacer y, por ende, alteración persistente en el funcionamiento diario (mayor a 6 meses), se denomina disforia de género, sienten que nacieron en el "cuerpo equivocado". El objetivo de la intervención médica es mejorar la disforia de género y, por consiguiente, mejora el bienestar y la calidad de vida de las personas trans. En Revista de la Sociedad Chilena de Obstetricia y Ginecología Infantil y de la Adolescencia, recientemente hemos publicado dos artículos de revisión sobre la introducción a la Hormonoterapia en personas transexuales, objetivos de la terapia, transición en la adolescencia, y la transición masculino a femenino, por lo que éste escrito se concentrará sólo en la Terapia Hormonal de la transición femenino a Masculino (FTM), son personas que transitan de Mujer a Hombre, o transgénero masculino o trans masculino. (1,2)


ABSTRACT Transsexuality, or being transgender according to the current nomenclature, describes people who persistently seek to be accepted as members of the opposite sex, wish to change their primary and / or secondary sexual characteristics through both hormonal and surgical medical interventions to feminize or masculinize themselves. (Table 1) This discordance between their "biological" and "psychological" sex, generates clinically significant stress with profound rejection of the body of the anatomical sex, the gender assigned at birth and, therefore, persistent alteration in daily functioning (more than 6 months), is called gender dysphoria feel that they were born in the "wrong Body". The goal of medical intervention is to improve gender dysphoria and, consequently, improve the well-being and quality of life of transgender people. In the Journal of the Chilean Society of Obstetrics and Child and Adolescent Gynecology, we have recently published two review articles on the introduction of Hormonotherapy in transgender people, goals of therapy, transition in adolescence, and the male-to-female transition, so this paper will focus only on Hormonal Therapy of the female to male transition (FTM), are people who transit from woman to man, or male trans, male transgender. (1,2)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Transgender Persons/psychology , Gender Dysphoria/psychology , Hormones/therapeutic use , Social Adjustment , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Sex Reassignment Procedures , Gender Identity
9.
Porto Alegre; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Telessaúde; 2018.
Non-conventional in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-995567

ABSTRACT

Sangramento uterino anormal (SUA) é caracterizado por diferentes padrões de sangramento menstrual que variam de alteração no volume, irregularidades na duração e no ciclo menstrual. A condição costuma impactar na qualidade de vida das mulheres, sendo um problema de saúde frequente no atendimento da Atenção Primária à Saúde, acometendo cerca de 10% das mulheres em idade reprodutiva. As principais causas do sangramento uterino anormal são disfunções ovulatórias, gravidez, anormalidades estruturais, distúrbios de coagulação e causas iatrogênicas. Esta guia apresenta informação que orienta a conduta para casos de sangramento uterino anormal no contexto da Atenção Primária à Saúde, incluindo: classificação, etiologias de SUA por faixa etária, avaliação diagnóstica, tratamento, encaminhamento para serviço especializado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Uterine Hemorrhage/diagnosis , Uterine Hemorrhage/therapy , Primary Health Care , Progestins/therapeutic use , Referral and Consultation , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/agonists , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Estrogens/therapeutic use , Uterine Myomectomy/instrumentation , Hysterectomy/instrumentation , Medroxyprogesterone/therapeutic use
10.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 68(5): 1159-1167, set.-out. 2016. tab, graf, ilus
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-827902

ABSTRACT

Two experiments were conducted aiming to evaluate the effects of two ovulatory inducers (Exp.1) and equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG; Exp.2) on follicular and luteal dynamics in a fixed-time AI (FTAI) protocol in locally adapted Curraleiro Pé-Duro cows. In Exp. 1 multiparous cows (n=12) received an intravaginal device containing 1g of progesterone (P4) for 8 days and 2mg of estradiol benzoate (EB) intramuscularly (IM) at device insertion (Day 0). At device removal (Day 8) 0.150mg of Sodium D-Cloprostenol was administered IM and the cows were randomly assigned to receive 1mg of EB (EB8) or 1mg of estradiol cypionate (EC8) IM, or to not receive any ovulatory inducer (Control). All the animals participated in all treatments (crossover). The interval from P4 removal to ovulation was shorter and less variable in the EB8 treatment group (P≤0.05). In Exp. 2 (crossover), multiparous cows (n=12) received the same hormonal treatment as the EB8 group in Exp.1. At device removal (Day 8) cows were randomly assigned to receive 300UI of eCG IM or to not receive eCG (Control). No difference was ascertained on follicular and luteal parameters in Exp. 2 (P>0.05). We concluded that EB can be used as the ovulatory inducer (Exp. 1) in a FTAI protocol in Curraleiro Pé-Duro cows. However, eCG (Exp. 2) was not able to stimulate follicular and luteal development. This result is probably due to the adaptive capacity of Curraleiro Pé-Duro cows that maintained a satisfactory body condition score even in dry and hot environments.(AU)


Foram realizados dois experimentos com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de dois indutores da ovulação e da gonadotrofina coriônica equina (eCG) na dinâmica folicular e luteal, em um protocolo de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF) em vacas localmente adaptadas da raça Curraleiro Pé-Duro. No experimento 1, vacas pluríparas receberam um dispositivo intravaginal contendo 1g de progesterona (P4) durante oito dias e 2mg de benzoato de estradiol (BE) intramuscular (IM) no momento da inserção do dispositivo (dia zero). Na retirada do dispositivo (dia oito), as vacas receberam 0,150mg de D-cloprostenol sódico IM e foram separadas aleatoriamente para receber 1mg de BE IM (BE8) ou 1mg de cipionato de estradiol IM (CE8), ou nenhum indutor da ovulação (controle). Todos os animais participaram de todos os tratamentos (crossover). O intervalo entre a retirada da P4 e a ovulação foi menor e menos variável no tratamento BE8 (P≤0,05). O momento da ovulação foi mais precoce e mais concentrado nos animais do grupo BE 8. No experimento 2 (crossover), vacas pluríparas receberam o mesmo tratamento hormonal do grupo BE8 do experimento1. Na retirada do dispositivo (dia 8), as vacas foram separadas aleatoriamente para receberem 300UI de eCG IM, enquanto o controle não. Não houve diferença nos parâmetros foliculares e luteais avaliados no experimento 2 (P>0,05). Em conclusão, o BE pode ser utilizado como indutor da ovulação (experimento 1) em protocolos de IATF em vacas Curraleiras Pé-Duro. Entretanto, o eCG (experimento 2) não foi capaz de estimular o desenvolvimento folicular e luteal. Esse resultado é devido provavelmente à capacidade adaptativa das vacas Curraleiras Pé-Duro em manter uma condição corporal satisfatória mesmo em condições de clima seco e quente.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Gonadotropins, Equine , Insemination, Artificial/methods , Insemination, Artificial/veterinary , Ovulation Induction/methods , Benzoates/therapeutic use , Estradiol/therapeutic use
11.
Clinics ; 69(2): 75-82, 2/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-701384

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety and efficacy of a transdermal nanostructured formulation of progesterone (10%) combined with estriol (0.1%) + estradiol (0.25%) for relieving postmenopausal symptoms. METHODS: A total of 66 postmenopausal Brazilian women with climacteric symptoms of natural menopause received transdermal nanostructured formulations of progesterone and estrogens in the forearm daily for 60 months to mimic the normal ovarian secretory pattern. Confocal Raman spectroscopy of hormones in skin layers was performed. Clinical parameters, serum concentrations of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone, blood pressure, BI-RADS classification from bilateral mammography, and symptomatic relief were compared between baseline and 60 months post-treatment. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02033512. RESULTS: An improvement in climacteric symptoms was reported in 92.5% of women evaluated before and after 60 months of treatment. The serum concentrations of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone changed significantly (p<0.05) after treatment; the values of serum follicle-stimulating hormone decreased after 60 months from 82.04±4.9 to 57.12±4.1 IU/mL. A bilateral mammography assessment of the breasts revealed normal results in all women. No adverse health-related events were attributed to this hormone replacement therapy protocol. CONCLUSION: The nanostructured formulation is safe and effective in re-establishing optimal serum levels of estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone and relieving the symptoms of menopause. This transdermal hormone replacement therapy may alleviate climacteric symptoms in postmenopausal women. .


Subject(s)
Aged , Female , Humans , Middle Aged , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Estriol/therapeutic use , Estrogens/therapeutic use , Hormone Replacement Therapy/methods , Postmenopause/drug effects , Progesterone/therapeutic use , Administration, Cutaneous , Drug Combinations , Estradiol/blood , Follicle Stimulating Hormone/blood , Microscopy, Electron, Scanning , Particle Size , Prospective Studies , Postmenopause/physiology , Spectrum Analysis, Raman , Skin/drug effects , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome
12.
Rev. bras. saúde matern. infant ; 13(3): 259-266, jul.-set. 2013. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS, BVSAM | ID: lil-688728

ABSTRACT

To compare the endometrial effects and uterine bleeding patterns associated with treatment using (1) levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and estradiol (1 mg/day, p.o.) or (2) orally administered drospirenone (2 mg/day) andestradiol (1 mg/day). METHODS: thirty-four patients (aged 52.53 ± 4.44 in the LNG-IUS group and 53.15 ± 4.018 in the DRSP group) were randomized. The severity of menopausal symptoms was evaluated using the Kupperman index every three months. Transvaginal ultrasound, hysteroscopy and histological evaluation were repeated after 12 months. During this period, patients kept menstrual calendars. All categorical variables were described as percentages. Variables were tested for normal distribution and Student's t test was applied for independent samples and ANOVA forrepeated measures when appropriate. Data were considered to be significant when p<0.05. RESULTS: slight vaginal bleeding was reported in the first month of treatment by 53.3 percent of patients from the LNG-IUS/estradiol group compared with 7.7 percent of patients from the drospirenone/estradiol group. There were no differences in endometrial thickness between the two groups throughout the study period. End-of-study histological findings showed atrophic endometrium in 53.3 percent of patients in the LNG-IUS/estradiol group compared with 76.9 percent of patients in the drospirenone/estradiol group. CONCLUSIONS: our results suggest good endometrial protection with both HT regimens...


Comparar os efeitos endometriais e no padrão de sangramento uterino de tratamento com (1) sistema intrauterine com levonorgestrel (SIU-LNG) e estradiol (1 mg/dia, v.o.) ou (2) associação oral de drospirenona (DRSP) (2 mg/dia) e estradiol (1 mg/dia). MÉTODOS: trinta e quatro pacientes (idade 52,53 ± 4,44 grupo SIU-LNG e 53,15 ± 4,018 grupo DRSP)foram randomizadas. A gravidade dos sintomas menopausais foi avaliado pelo índice de Kupperman a cada três meses. Ultrassom transvaginal, histeroscopia e avaliação histológica foram repetidos após 12 meses. Durante este período, as pacientes fizeram registros em calendários menstruais. Todas as variáveis categóricas foram descritas como porcentagens. Variáveis foram testadas para distribuição normal e teste t de Student para amostras independents e ANOVA para medidas repetidas foram utilizados quando apropriado. Significância estatística foi considerada para p<0.05. RESULTADOS: leve sangramento vaginal foi relatado no primeiro mês de tratamento por 53,3 por cento das pacientes do grupo SIU-LNG/estradiol vs. 7,7 por cento das pacientes do grupo drospirenona/estradiol. Não houve diferença na espessura endometrial entre os grupos durante o periodo do estudo. Os achados histológicos ao final do estudo motraram endométrio atrófico em 53,3 por cento das pacientes no grupo SIU-LNG/estradiol vs. 76,9 por cento das pacientes no grupo drospirenona/estradiol. CONCLUSÕES: nossos resultados sugerem boa proteção endometrial com ambos os tratamentos de terapia hormonal...


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Endometrium , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Levonorgestrel/therapeutic use , Postmenopause , Estrogen Replacement Therapy
13.
Clinics ; 68(9): 1255-1262, set. 2013. graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-687753

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of a novel phytoestrogen, α-Zearalanol, on Alzheimer's disease-related memory impairment and neuronal oxidation in ovariectomized mice. METHODS: Female C57/BL6 mice were ovariectomized or received sham operations and treatment with equivalent doses of 17β-estradiol or α-Zearalanol for 8 weeks. Their spatial learning and memory were analyzed using the Morris water maze test. The antioxidant enzyme activities and reactive oxygen species generation, neuronal DNA oxidation, and MutT homolog 1 expression in the hippocampus were measured. RESULTS: Treatment with 17β-estradiol or α-Zearalanol significantly improved spatial learning and memory performance in ovariectomized mice. In addition, 17β-estradiol and α-Zearalanol attenuated the decrease in antioxidant enzyme activities and increased reactive oxygen species production in ovariectomized mice. The findings indicated a significant elevation in hippocampi neuronal DNA oxidation and reduction in MutT homolog 1 expression in estrogen-deficient mice, but supplementation with 17β-estradiol or α-Zearalanol efficaciously ameliorated this situation. CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that α-Zearalanol is potentially beneficial for improving memory impairments and neuronal oxidation damage in a manner similar to that of 17β-estradiol. Therefore, the compound may be a potential therapeutic agent that can ameliorate neurodegenerative disorders related to estrogen deficiency. .


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Mice , Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Memory Disorders/drug therapy , Ovariectomy , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Phytoestrogens/therapeutic use , Zeranol/analogs & derivatives , Blotting, Western , DNA Damage/drug effects , DNA Repair Enzymes/analysis , Hippocampus/drug effects , Immunohistochemistry , Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases/analysis , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors , Treatment Outcome , Zeranol/therapeutic use
14.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2009. 61 p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-572779

ABSTRACT

Objetivos - O principal mecanismo de potencial cardioproteção, ainda que controversa, do estradiol é a sua ação em seus receptores endoteliais, aumentando a atividade da enzima Óxido Nítrico Sintase (eNOS), a produção de óxido nítrico (NO) e sua biodisponibilidade, resultando em vasodilatação. Esse efeito pode variar de acordo com idade, tempo de menopausa, patologias associadas e outros fatores. Nosso objetivo foi verificar o efeito agudo de 17beta-estradiol como um teste simples e rápido de avaliação endotelial basal e após estrogênio em mulheres menopausadas, identificando resposta vasodilatadora que sinalizasse aumento de NO estimulado por estrogênio, e analisar que fatores influenciam esta resposta. Desenho do estudo - Estudo experimental utilizando uma preparação nasal de estradiol que atua em forma de pulso como um teste funcional. Em 10 a 30 minutos após aplicação, níveis plasmáticos de 1200-1500 pg/dl promovem saturação de receptores estrogênicos, obtendo-se efeitos genômicos nas 24 horas. Avaliamos a função endotelial na macrocirculação (estudo 1) e na microcirculação (estudos 2 e 3), no basal e após adminsitração nasal de 300 ug de estradiol. Material e métodos - Analisamos 87 mulheres menopausadas. No estudo 1 as mulheres tinham até 60 anos; 10/19 apresentavam pelo menos dois fatores de risco cardiovascular entre hipertensão arterial, diabetes mellitus, obesidade e tabagismo; 9/19 eram normotensas, tinham glicemia normal, não eram tabagistas nem obesas. Realizamos ultrassom arterial com Doppler basal e 20 minutos após estradiol, analisando índice de resistência, fluxo sistólico e fluxo diastólico da carótida e braquial. No segundo e terceiro estudos as 68 menopausadas tinham entre 34 e 70 anos, glicemias normais, eram normotensas e não tabagistas atuais. Realizamos videocapilaroscopia periungueal analisando RBCV (em repouso), RBCVmax e TRBCVmax durante hiperemia reativa, em dois momentos: como avaliação endotelial basal (estudo 2) ....


Objectives - The main estradiol potential, but still controversial, cardioprotective mechanism, is its action on endothelial receptors increasing eNOS activity, NO production and bioavailability, resulting in vasodilatation. This effect may vary according to age, time since menopause, associated diseases and other factors. Our objective was to verify 17beta-estradiol acute effect as a simple and rapid test at baseline and after estradiol on postmenopausal women endothelial evaluation, identifying vasodilatatory response that indicate estrogen-stimulated NO bioavailability and analyzing which factors influence this response. Study design - Experimental study using a nasal estradiol preparation which acts in a pulsed fashion as a functional test. After 10 to 30 minutes following administration, 1200-1500 pg/dl plasma levels promote estrogen receptors saturation and genomic effects for 24 hours. We evaluated endothelial function at the macrocirculation (study 1) and at the microcirculation (studies 2 and 3) at baseline and after 300 ug estradiol nasal administration. Material and methods - We analyzed 87 postmenopausal women. In study 1, patients were up to 60 years old; 10/19 presented at least two CV risk factors between aterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity and smoking; 9/19 were normotensive, had normal glucose levels, were neither smokers nor obese. We performed arterial Doppler ultrasound at baseline and 20 minutes after estradiol, analyzing carotid and brachial resistance index, systolic and diastolic flows. On studies 2 and 3, the 68 postmenopausal women were 34 to 70 years old non-smokers and had normal glucose and blood pressure. We performed nailfold videocapillaroscopy analyzing RBCV, RBCVmax and TRBCVmax during reactive hyperemia in two moments: at baseline endothelial evaluation (study 2) and 1 hour after nasal estradiol, to evaluate endothelial estradiol response (study 3). Results - In study 1, in response to acute estradiol....


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Heart , Heart/physiology , Endothelium , Estradiol/pharmacology , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Microcirculation , Muscle Tonus , Menopause , Vasodilation
15.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 25(1): 21-25, 2009. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-525459

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La calvicie más común es la alopecia androgenética, la cual consiste en una pérdida progresiva del cabello inducida por la acción de los andrógenos a nivel del folículo piloso. Objetivos: Evaluar la utilidad y seguridad del 17-alfa-estradiol al 0,025 por ciento en el tratamiento de la alopecia androgenética. Material y Métodos: Uso de una solución tópica capilar de 17-alfa-estradiol al 0,025 por ciento versus minoxidil al 2 por ciento en solución tópica capilar, durante 12 semanas, en pacientes chilenos con diagnóstico de alopecia androgenética mediante el análisis cuantitativo del videotricograma. Resultados: Se observó una tendencia al aumento de los cabellos en anágeno y disminución de los cabellos en telógeno en los pacientes tratados con 17-alfa-estradiol al 0,025 por ciento en la zona frontoparietal sin aparición de efectos adversos.


Introduction: Androgenetic alopecia is the most common cause of baldness. It consists of progressive hair loss induced by the action of androgens in the hair follicle. Aim: To evaluate usefulness and safety of 0.025 percent 17-alpha-estradiol in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia. Material and Methods: Use of a topic hair solution of 0.025 percent 17-alpha-estradiol versus 2 percent minoxidil topic hair solution for twelve weeks in Chilean patients with clinically diagnosed androgenetic alopecia through quantitative analysis with videotrichogram. Results: Patients treated with 0.025 percent 17-alpha-estradiol showed a tendency to increase the number of hair follicles in anagen phase and a decrease in telogen phase in the frontoparietal zone with no adverse events.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Female , Middle Aged , Alopecia/drug therapy , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Minoxidil/therapeutic use , Administration, Topical , Alopecia/pathology , Hair/growth & development , Hair , Chile/epidemiology , Double-Blind Method , Estradiol/pharmacology , Microscopy, Video , Minoxidil/pharmacology , Patient Satisfaction , Severity of Illness Index , Treatment Outcome
16.
Arq. bras. endocrinol. metab ; 52(9): 1489-1496, Dec. 2008. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-504555

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: As isoflavonas (ISO) presentes na soja são consideradas fitoestrógenos. A administração de fitoestrógenos tem efeito benéfico nos distúrbios da pós-menopausa que são caracterizados pela suspensão da função ovariana com declínio da secreção de estrogênio e conseqüentes desajustes histomorfológicos e metabólicos. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o efeito da suplementação com ISO sobre a espessura do endométrio uterino, o acúmulo de gordura tecidual, o colesterol HDL e a glicose plasmática de ratas ovariectomizadas (OVX). MÉTODOS: Ratas Wistar com 60 dias de vida sofreram cirurgia bilateral para retirada dos ovários. Após o período de 8 dias de recuperação foram divididas em três grupos: falso operada (GC), OVX não-tratadas com ISO (GI) e as OVX suplementadas com ISO (GII). Foram retirados e pesados o útero, as gorduras uterinas e retroperitoneais. Também foram coletadas amostras de sangue para dosagem da concentração de HDL e glicose. RESULTADOS: A OVX promoveu atrofia do endométrio, diminuição do peso do útero e diminuição do HDL. O tratamento com ISO promoveu diminuição dos estoques de gorduras uterina e retroperitoneal, aumento de HDL e redução da glicemia, porém não teve efeito uterotrófico. CONCLUSÕES: Os dados do presente estudo mostram que o tratamento com ISO promove redução da adiposidade, o que pode estar relacionado à redução da lipogênese e ao aumento da lipólise.


OBJECTIVE: Isoflavones (ISO) present in soybean are named phytoestrogens because they show estrogen effect. The use of isoflavones has beneficial effect in disturbance of post-menopause, which is characterized by ovarian function suppression. Decreasing of estrogen secretion and consequent morphologic and metabolic disarrangements are observed in female hormonal decline. The aim of present work was to investigate the effect of ISO on the fat accretion of uterin endometric tissue, and HDL and glucose blood concentration from ovariectomized rats (OVX). METHODS: Female Wistar rats with 60 days-old were submitted a surgery to remove bilaterally the ovarium. After 8-day recovery period the animals were distributed into three groups: sham operate (GC); OVX ISO untreated (GI) and OVX supplemented with ISO (G II). Total uterus mass, uterus fat and retroperitoneal fat pad, were removed, washed and weighted. Samples of uterus were histological processed to measure endometrium thickness. Blood samples were also collected to analyze the concentration of HDL and glucose. The OVX caused endometric atrophy, decrease of uterus weight and HDL reduction. The treatment with ISO provoked decrease of uterin and retroperitoneal fat pad. HDL increase and glycemia reduction were also observed. However, there was no uterotrophic effect. CONCLUSIONS: ISO treatment causes decrease in tissue fat accretion from ovariectomized rats.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Adiposity/drug effects , Endometrium/drug effects , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Isoflavones/therapeutic use , Phytotherapy , Soybeans , Uterus/drug effects , Blood Glucose , Endometrium/anatomy & histology , Estrogens/therapeutic use , Ovariectomy , Rats, Wistar , Uterus/anatomy & histology
18.
Ciênc. rural ; 38(2): 411-415, mar.-abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-474506

ABSTRACT

O objetivo do presente experimento foi investigar se a realização exclusiva da inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF), empregando como indutor da ovulação o benzoato de estradiol (BE), proporciona taxas de prenhez semelhantes a uma associação de IA convencional e IATF com GnRH, em vacas de corte no pós-parto. Duzentos e cinqüenta vacas amamentado receberam um pessário vaginal contendo 250mg de acetato de medroxi-progesterona (MAP) e uma injeção intramuscular (IM) de 5mg de BE no dia 0. O pessário vaginal permaneceu por sete dias. No dia 6, foram aplicadas 400UI de gonadotrofina coriônica eqüina por via IM e 5mg de análogo de prostaglandina na submucosa vulvar, realizando nesse momento o desmame por 96h. Após a retirada dos pessários (dia 7), as vacas foram distribuídas em dois grupos. No grupo BioRep (n=150), as fêmeas foram observadas duas vezes por dia para detecção de estro por 48h e inseminadas 12h após sua manifestação. Os animais que não manifestaram estro nesse período receberam uma injeção IM de 100mg de GnRH, sendo submetidas à IATF, 16 a 18h após. No grupo BE (n=100), as vacas receberam uma injeção de 1mg de BE IM no dia 8 e foram inseminadas em tempo fixo no dia 9. A porcentagem de prenhez no grupo BioRep (54,7 por cento) foi maior (P<0,01) do que no grupo BE (33,3 por cento). Em vaca amamentando, a observação de estro por dois dias associada à IATF, utilizando GnRH para induzir a ovulação, proporcionou taxas de prenhez superiores ao uso exclusivo de IATF com BE.


This experiment was aimed at comparing two estrus induction protocols for cows in post partum period, using either GnRH and two-day artificial insemination (AI) or estradiol benzoate (EB) and fixed-time artificial insemination (TAI). A total of 250 suckled beef cows received a vaginal device containing 250mg of medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) and an injection of 5mg of EB intramuscularly (IM) on day 0. The vaginal device was removed on day 7. On day 6, cows were injected with 400IU eCG (IM) and 5mg prostaglandin analog (into vulvar submucosa) and calves were removed for 96 hours (h). After removing the vaginal devices (day 7), cows were divided in two groups. In the BioRep group (n=150), estrus detection was carried out twice a day during 48h and the animals were inseminated 12h after detection. Cows which were not detected in estrus received 100mg of GnRH IM and were inseminated 16 to 18h later. In EB group, cows were injected IM with 1mg of EB on day 8 and were inseminated on day 9 without estrus detection. The pregnancy rate was higher (P<0.01) in the BioRep group (54.7 percent) than in the EB group (33.3 percent). In suckled cows, two days of estrus detection associated to fixed-time insemination using GnRH to induce ovulation allowed the attainment of higher pregnancies rates than exclusively TAI using EB.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Cattle , Estrus , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone/therapeutic use , Insemination, Artificial/methods , Insemination, Artificial/veterinary , Postpartum Period
19.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 57(5): 591-598, out. 2005. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-418840

ABSTRACT

Compararam-se dois protocolos de curta duracão, associados à aplicacão de cipionato de estradiol (CE) para sincronizacão de estro, utilizando-se 12 cabras da raca Saanen, oito multíparas (M) e quatro nulíparas (N), distribuídas em dois tratamentos (T). O T1 (n = 4M e 2N) correspondeu à insercão de esponja impregnada com 60mg de acetato de medroxiprogesterona e o T2 (n= 4M e 2N), à insercão de CIDR-G®. No dia zero (d=0), dia da insercão dos dispositivos intravaginais, foi aplicado nos animais dos dois tratamentos 1mg de CE. Os dispositivos intravaginais permaneceram por cinco dias quando se iniciou a deteccão de estro, realizada a cada seis horas. Exames ultra-sonográficos foram feitos diariamente, durante a permanência do dispositivo, e a cada seis horas após a deteccão do estro, até 12 horas após a ovulacão. Houve regressão folicular com a emergência de uma nova onda no quinto dia da permanência do dispositivo CIDR-G®. As taxas de manifestacão de estro e de gestacão foram de 5/6 e 1/5 para T1 e de 6/6 e 2/6 para T2, respectivamente. Os intervalos da retirada do dispositivo ao início do estro e da retirada do dispositivo ao fim do estro e a duracão do estro foram: 74,0n39,1 e 34,7n15,1 horas (P<0,05), 137,2n42,1 e 90,0n11,2 horas (P<0,05) e 63,2n24,9 e 55,3n17,2 horas (P>0,05), para T1 e T2, respectivamente. Em T1 e T2, os intervalos do início do estro à ovulacão foram 50,6n22,6 e 47,3n15,3 horas (P>0,05), do final do estro à ovulacão, -12,6n9,1 e -8,0n4,5 horas (P>0,05) e da retirada do dispositivo à ovulacão, 124,6n34,1 e 82,0n12,4 horas (P<0,05), respectivamente. O número de ovulacões, o diâmetro do folículo ovulatório e a taxa de crescimento dos folículos ovulatórios foram: 1,2n0,45 e 2,33n1,03 (P<0,05), 8,4n2,4 e 6,2n0,1mm (P<0,05) e 2,4n0,97 e 2,9n1,67mm/dia (P>0,05), respectivamente, para T1 e T2. A utilizacão da esponja e do CIDR-G® associada ao CE foi efetiva em induzir o estro. A ausência de luteólise completa no momento da retirada do dispositivo foi responsável pela grande variacão nas características estudadas. Recomenda-se que os dispositivos liberadores de progesterona e seus análogos sintéticos sejam deixados por, no mínimo, sete dias, quando associados ao CE.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Administration, Intravaginal , Estrus Synchronization , Estradiol/therapeutic use , Goats
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